JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences

Current and Future Applications for DNA Sequence for Forensics, Biosurveillance, Clinical Health and Detection

Authored by John P Jakupciak

Many DNA/RNA/protein analytical methods are currently available, ranging from the standard culturing methods, which are tedious, slow, and dependent on achieving culture of the agent, to simplistic single biomarker genomic based tests, to high resolution DNA sequencing, which for a few unique techniques, provide identification of metagenomics samples at the strain level. The latter are faster than culture but perform in a near real-time response window. Real-time PCR limited detection methods are restricted to multiplex identification of few bioagents and test results contain the potential of error due to innate amplification errors, coupled with the requirement to know in advance what the agent is in the sample prior to design primers (probes) for detection. Rapid direct sequencing, coupled with data base matching, offers the most reliable, effective, reproducible, and cost effective approach to biological detection at strain level with details to measure major and minor population content. The evidence is now convincing, although a steep education curve is daunting to decision-maker acceptance, that strain to strain variation in genomic sequence renders probabilistic identification from direct sequence the method of choice for forensics, biosurveillance, clinical health and detection. Herein, the application of NGSbioinformatics tools for forensic analyses of bacterial samples was examined against specially prepared samples. These results were used to elucidate benefits, caveats, and potential pitfalls of direct-sequence analysis; revealed subtle errors in sequence information that are overlooked by the community and demonstrated utility of sequencing to match evolved populations back to its source.

For Read More... Fulltext click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/ctbeb/CTBEB.MS.ID.555561.php

For More Articles in Global Journal of Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences  Please Click on:
https://juniperpublishers.com/ctbeb/index.php

For More Open Access Journals In Juniper Publishers Please Click on:
https://juniperpublishers.com/index.php
 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Controlling Informative Features for Improved Accuracy and Faster Predictions in Omentum Cancer Models

  Abstract Identification of suitable biomarkers for accurate prediction of phenotypic outcomes is a goal for personalized medicine. However, current machine learning approaches are either too complex or perform poorly. Here, a novel feature detection and engineering machine-learning framework is presented to address this need. First, the  Rip Curl  process is applied which generates a set of 10 additional features. Second, we rank all features including the  Rip Curl  features from which the top-ranked will most likely contain the most informative features for prediction of the underlying biological classes. The top-ranked features are used in model building. This process creates for more expressive features which are captured in models with an eye towards the model learning from increasing sample amount and the accuracy/time results. The performance of the proposed  Rip Curl  classification framework was tested on omentum cancer data.  Rip Curl  outperformed other more sophisticated
Read more

Biological Samples as a Tool for Analysis of Metals in Serum of Cataract Patients-Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences-Juniper Publishers

Image
JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences Biological Samples as a Tool for Analysis of Metals in Serum of Cataract Patients Authored by Aima Iram Batool* There is much evidence suggesting that metallic elements may play a role in the formation or cure of human cataract, a disease that is on the increase due to the growing percentage of elderly persons in the world population.We have evaluated the levels of nickel, copper, cadmium, calcium, magnesium, lead and zinc in hairs and nail samples of cataractic subjects and compared these findings to the levels of healthy controls.A group of patients diagnosed with cataract and a group of healthy controls were chosen as subjects. Serum and hair samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results were statistically evaluated by SPSS/PC software and student t-test.A significant difference was found in mean concentrations of metallic elements in comparison of patient group t
Read more

Research as a Tool in the Elimination of Onchocerciasis_Juniper Publishers

Image
Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences   Juniper Publishers Adewale B* Mini Review Onchocerciasis is one of the five diseases referred to as preventive chemotherapy- Neglected Tropical Diseases (PC-NTDs). It affects 37 million people in 31 African countries as well as 3 countries in the Latin America and several areas in Yemen. Nigeria has the highest endemicity among countries responsible for 99% of infection globally. Blindness and severe skin manifestations are two major effects of the disease on affected populations with severe effects on affected communities. The disease is significantly a disease of the poor with economic implications resulting in further impoverishment of affected communities, a challenge to the achievement of SDGs 2 and 3 and national developmental goals. The main strategy for control in endemic countries is by mass ivermectin (Mectizan®) distribution. Mass distribution of ivermectin in Nigeria began in 1991 following survey
Read more